Bis-sulfinic acid-olefin adducts



United States Patent 2 Claims. (Cl. 260481) This invention relates to new compounds of the hissulfone type represented by the following formula 3;! R(SO;(l)-OHX) wherein R is selected from the group consisting of aliphatic and cycloaliphatic hydrocarbon residues in which different carbon atoms are connected to the S groups; R is hydrogen or a lower alkyl; X is an aldehyde, acyl, carboxyl, nitrile, amide or ester group; Y is hydrogen, alkyl or a carboxyl group. As such, this application constitutes a division of our copending application Serial No. 674,553, filed July 29, 1957, now Patent No. 2,993,932.

The new compounds are useful for a number of purposes, for example, when X is an ester group they are plasticizers. When X is an amide group they are intermediates -for textile finishes which are obtained by reacting the amide group with formaldehyde to give a methylol derivative. While the compounds are covered regardless of how they are made, in general, the best method is to react the corresponding bis-sulfinic acid compound with an activated olefin, forming an adduct. Some of the bissulfinic acids are known compounds but most of them are new chemical compounds and are not claimed as such in the present application, forming the subject matter of a copending application of Shaw, Hosler and Beachem, Serial No. 738,046, filed May 27, 1958, now Patent No. 2,917,540.

Typical bis-sulfinic acids are those in which R is 1,2- ethane; 1,3-propane; 1,4-butane; 1,5-pentane; 1,4(2-methyl butane); 1,6-hexane; 2-5-hexane; 1,4-cyclohexane; 1,10- decane; 1,5-decane; 1,2-decane; 4,7-decane; 2,6(2,6-dime yl octane); 2,7(2,7-dimethyl octane); 1,5 (3-pentylpentane) and the like. I

Among typical olefin compounds are acrylic derivatives such as acrylonitrile, acrylamide and acrolein; acrylic esters; substituted acrylic derivatives such as crotonic acid; maleic acid; maleic esters; methylvinyl ketone, ethylvinyl ketone, and the like.

In general, in the preparation of the compound, the hissulfinic acid derivative is reacted with the olefinic compound in an aqueous medium. The reaction is quite rapid and usually proceeds readily at room temperature. As the bis-sulfinic acid is normally produced by reduction of the corresponding bis-sulfonyl chloride with sodium sulfite, it has been found that it is not necessary to isolate the intermediate bis-sulfinic acid. On the contrary, it is sufiicient to acidity the reaction mixture and then react with the olefinic compound. However, if desired, an isolated bis-sulfinic acid may be used.

The invention will be described in greater detail in conjunction with the following specific examples, the parts being by weight unless otherwise specified.

EXAMPLE 1 ice 113.5 parts of 1,2-ethane-bis-sulfonyl chloride is added gradually to a solution of 132.5 parts of sodium sulfite in 500 parts of water. The temperature is maintained at about 5 -6 C. throughout the addition, and after the addition is complete stirring is maintained until the reaction has proceeded substantially to completion. Some unreacted 1,2-ethane bis-sulfonyl chloride remains as a solid and is removed by filtration. The filtrate is then acidified with hydrochloric acid to a pH of 3 and stirred with an aqueous solution of 107 parts of acrylamide until the reaction is substantially complete. A white solid product precipitates out, is recovered by filtration and washed with water and alcohol and constitutes the product of the above formula. The constitution is confirmed by elementary and infrared analyses.

EXAMPLE 2 1,4-Butane-Bis-Sulfinic Acid HO S(CH SO H a that the reaction mixture remains alkaline to Brilliant Yellow Red which is effected by the addition of suitable amounts of solid magnesium hydroxide, the amount being of the order of magnitude of 23 parts. During the addition the temperature is maintained between 40 and 50 C. and is effected with agitation which is continued at the same temperature until the reaction is substantially complete. Thereupon, the reaction mixture is stirred and cooled to room temperature and finally chilled and the solid product removed by filtration and dried. The product analyzes as a magnesium salt of 1,4-butane-bissulfinic acid. 7 The yield is excellent, but the product at this point contains extensive inorganic impurities.

Ninety-three (93) parts of the crude magnesium butane-bis-sulfinate described above and parts of water is added to 200 parts of diethyl ether. The mixture is stirred and cooled to 5 C. and then 50 parts of 5 N sulfuric acid is added very gradually with stirring. A solid product of the free acid forms between the two liquid layers and constitutes l,4butane-bis-sulfinic acid with a melting point of 122-l26 C. The product is not completely pure and upon recrystallization colorless crystals are obtained.

' EXAMPLE 3 A mixture of 0.5 part of the product of Example 2 and 0.7 part of acrylamide in 20 parts of water is stirred until reaction is complete. As the ,reaction proceeds a white solid is formed which precipitates, and finally the reac tion product is filtered and the precipitate purified by recrystallization from water. Analysis shows the resulting compound to have the above formula.

EXAMPLE 4 finally the reaction mixture is filtered, the precipitate Washed with Water, ethanol and anhydrous ether, giving a pure product which is shown by analysis to have the above formula.

EXAMPLE 5 A solution is prepared of 34.4 parts of sodium sulfite, '47 parts of sodium bicarbonate and 130 parts of water. To this solution there is added with stirring 35 parts of l,5-pentane-bis-sulfonyl chloride. The addition is gradual and at room temperature. After the addition is completed, the mixture is heated to 7080 C. and stirred at this temperature until reaction is complete. Thereupon the reaction mixture is cooled down to 5 C. and a residue of inorganic salts which precipitates out is removed by filtration. The filtrate is then acidified with concentrated hydrochloric acid to a pH of 3 and there is added 27.7 parts of acrylamide, together with a small amount of water. A fine, colorless crystalline product starts to precipitate and the stirring is maintained until the reaction is complete. Thereupon the reaction mixture is filtered and the precipitate purified by recrystallization from water. Analysis shows that the compound has the above formula.

EXAMPLE 6 The procedure of Example 5 is repeated, replacing the 1,5pentane-bis-sulfonyl chloride with an equivalent amount of 1,10-decane-bis-sulionyl chloride. Analysis shows the product to have the above formula.

EXAMPLE 7 our-H2 0 A mixture of 100 parts of Water, 26.9 parts of2-methylbutane-l,4-bis-sul fonyl chloride, 36.1 parts of sodium bicarbonate and 26.4 parts of sodium sulfite is heated with stirring at 45 50 C. until solution is complete. (The sulfonyl chloride is obtained from a corresponding 1,4- dibromo compound by the Strecker synthesis with alkyl halide and alkali metal sulfite, followed by treating the sodium salt of the resulting disulfonic acid with phosphorus pentachloride.) The pH of the solution is about 7.5 and the mixture is slightly cloudy. The temperature is raised to 70-80 C. and stirrhig continued until the reaction is complete. The cloudy mixture is then filtered at 50 C. and the clear filtrate cooled to C. and acidified by the gradual addition of concentrated hydrochloric acid. A solid precipitates which is filtered off and dried, and after recrystallization from water, is identified as'pure Z-methylbutane-l,4 bis-sulfinic acid.

EXAMPLE 9 10 parts of water and 0.7 part of acrylarnide stirred in at room temperature. A white solid beginsto precipitate and complete. The mixture is thereupon filtered and the precipitate further purified by recrystallization from water. Analysis shows that it has the formula given above.

EXAMPLE 10 7.8 parts of the product of Example 4 is added to 24.2 parts of 37% aqueous formaldehyde solution previously adjusted to a pH of 11.6 with 10% sodium hydroxide. The mixture is gradually heated to C. and maintained at this temperature until reaction is substantially complete. During the reaction the pH drops somewhat and is again adjusted to a pH of 8 with sodium hydroxide solution. The reaction mixture is then cooled to about 60 C. and a precipitate which formed removed by filtration, washed with alcohol and ether. The product is then purified by recrystallization from a mixture of dimethyl formamide and water. Analysis corresponds to the formula given above.

An emulsion of the above product in water is prepared and is applied to Rachelle netting and the netting dried and cured for 4 minutes at 300 F; An improved and stiffer hand is imparted to the netting.

EXAMPLE 11 An aqueous solution containing 101- parts of sodium, 1,2-ethane-bis-sulfinate is acidified to a pH of 3 with hydrochloric acid and 8.84 parts of acrylonitrile added. Suflicient Water is then added with stirring until all of the acrylonitrile dissolves and stirring is maintained at room temperature until the reaction is complete. A crystalline solid which precipitates, is recovered by filtration and washed with water, ethanol and ether. This product is recrystallized from 200 parts of water, giving a fine, colorless crystalline product which corresponds to the formula above.

EXAMPLE 12 22 parts of the crude zinc salt of 1,3-propane-bis-sulfinic acid described in Example 4 is dissolved in 50 parts of water. The mixture is stirred and is gradually acidified with concentrated sulfuric acid until it is clear. Thereupon a solution of 5.3 parts of acrylonitrile and parts of Water is added and the solution stirred at room temperature until reaction is substantially complete. A crystalline solid separates out which is filtered 0E, washed with water, ethanol and ether and is then further purified by recrystallization from water. Analysis shows that it has the formula given above.

A solution of 3.72 parts of the product of Example 2 and 13 parts of water is prepared and 3.18 parts of acrylonitrile added. The mixture is then heated with agitation to 40 C., and maintained at this temperature until reaction is complete. A solid precipitate forms and is removed by filtration after chilling the mixture, the precipitate being washed with methanol. The precipitate is purified by extracting with hot water and precipitating by cooling, producing a product which analysis shows is a compound of the above formula. A small amount of side reaction occasionally takes place, namely, polymerization of acrylonitrile, and this solid remains in the crude precipitate when extraction with hot water takes place. The final purified product, however, is substantially free from acrylonitrile polymers.

Ln... n-lx EXAMPLE 14 H 3 (Cl-l 80 1-1 sodium bicarbonate and 1675 parts of water at 40' 50 C. The reaction mixture is then heated to 75- 85 C. and maintained at this temperature until the reaction is substantially complete, whereupon the reaction mixture is cooled down to room temperature and some insoluble matter which precipitates'out is removed by filtration. To 1525 parts of the filtrate there is slowly added a solution of 479 parts of zinc chloride and 500 parts of water. Considerable frothing occurs and a white precipitate forms, making stirring diificult and requiring the addition of a further 400 parts of water. After the precipitation is complete, the solid product is removed by filtration, dried, and 270 parts of the dried material dissolved in 180 parts of 13.7% hydrochloric acid, warming somewhat to eifect solution. Thesolution is clarified while hot and the filtrate cooled to C. The solid product which precipitates out, is filtered off and recrystallized twice from a small amount of 20% hydrochloric acid. Recrystallization is continued until the product melts at 9495 C. It is then dried over phosphorous pentoxide and becomes very Waxy and the melting points drops to 72-86 C. Analysis, including infrared analysis, shows that the product is pure 1,5-pentane-bis-sulfinic acid.

To a solution of 3.6 parts of theproduct of Example 14 there is added a solution of 6.9 parts of acrylonitrile and 100 parts of water. The mixture is then stirred until reaction is complete. A white product separates out which is removed by filtration and is then purified by recrystallization from 25 parts of water. Analysis shows that it corresponds to the formula above.

EXAMPLE 16 (135a (3113 HO:S-CH-CHz-CH2CH-SO:H

A mixture of 100 parts of :Water, 26.5 parts of sodium sulfite and 36.1 parts of sodium bicarbonate is prepared and heated to 45 50 C. Thereupon 29.3 parts of 2,5- hexane-bis-sulfonyl chloride is added gradually. After the addition the pH is about 7.5 and the solution is slightly cloudy. Stirring is continued at 7080 C. until the reaction is complete. The cloudy reaction mixture is then filtered at 50 C. and the clear filtrate cooled to 5 C. and acidified by the gradual addition of concentrated hydrochloric acid. A solid precipitates which is filtered off, dried, and after recrystallization from wateris identified as the product of the formula above.

EXAMPLE 17 (3B3 (3H NC-OHz-CHz-OgS-GH-CHFCHg-CH-SOz-CHa-CH -CN The procedure of Example 13 is repeated except that 4.3 parts of the product of Example 16 is used. The product obtained is shown by analysis to correspond to the formula above.

EXAMPLE 18 H0OC-CHOaS-(CEz)4SOq-CHCOOH Hoooom CHr-OOOH A solution of 1.5 parts of technical maleic acid is made in 6 parts of water and clarified. There is then added 0.62 part of the product of Example 2 and 2 parts of water. A clear solution results which is stirred at room temperature until reaction is complete. A product precipitates out which is removed by filtration and washed with water, ethanol and ether. The product is then recrystalized from water in fine, colorless crystals which are shown by analysis to correspond tothe above formula.

Salts of the above acid are prepared by treating with dilute aqueous alkali such as aqueous sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, or calcium hydroxide. The salts are white solids.

EXAMPLE 19 1.68 parts of acrolein are dissolved in 20 parts of water, and 1.86 parts of the product of Example 2 in 10 parts of water is added. The mixture is stirred and soon becomes cloudy and a solid product precipitates. Stirring is maintained until reaction is complete and the product is then removed by filtration, washed with ethanol and ether. The product is recrystallized by dissolving 1.37 parts in 45 parts of boiling water and cooling. It separates out as fine crystals which are removed by filtration, washed with ethanol and ether and constitutes primarily the compound of the above formula when checked by infrared analysis.

EXAMPLE 20 2.0 parts of methyl acrylate are dissolved in a mixture of 10 parts of water and 2 parts of ethanol, and 1.86 parts of the product of Example 2 in 5 parts of water are added. The mixture is stirred and a solid product precipitates. The reaction is stirred until completed and the product is filtered, washed with ethanol and A solution of 3.72 parts of the product of Example 2 and 13 parts of water is prepare and 4.2 parts of methyl vinyl ketone is added. The solution is clarified by the addition of 5 parts of ethanol and the mixture stirred until the precipitation of a white solid is completed. The pro duct is filtered, washed with ethanol and ether.

We claim:

1. Sulfones having the formula in which R is the unsaturated hydrocarbon residue of a member of the group consisting of cyclohexane and the aliphatic alkanes of from two to ten carbon atoms, the sulfone groups being attached to diflerent carbon atoms, and M is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, sodium, potassium, calcium and lower alkyl.

2. A sulfone having the formula References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,485,271 Frederick Oct. 18, 1949 2,530,882 Jansen et a1 Nov. 21, 1950 2,640,848 Harman et al. June 2, 1953 2,692,207 Blake Oct. 19, 1954 

2. A SULFONE HAVING THE FORMULA 